In 1977, the supreme court ruled in the ingraham vs. The effects of corporal punishment on discipline among students in arusha secondary schools, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of education in administration, planning and policy studies of the open university of tanzania. As it is in other countries, corporal punishment in tanzanian schools is legal and lawful particularly in public. The advantages of corporal punishment in schools how to. Corporal punishment in schools reflects a large gap between current education policy that bans corporal punishment and actual implementation of this policy. Longitudinal evidence from ethiopia, india, peru andviet nam. This is twice the theoretical legal maximum number of strokes in tanzanian schools. A case of kang secondary schools mabusa kgomotso, alone tshegofatso and macheng boipono botswana college of agriculture, pbag 0027, gaborone, botswana available online at. Country report global initiative to end all corporal punishment of.
Contemporary issues in education research first quarter. Hyman 1990 provides a definition that reflects practices in school situations. Corporal punishment in tanzanias schools springerlink. Over the recent past, there have been concerns about whether corporal punishment should be banned in schools in tanzania. He states that corporal punishment in the schools is the infliction of pain or confinement as a penalty for an offense committed by a student hyman, 1990. Abstract the purpose of this survey was to acquire descriptive information regarding corporal punishment in tanzanias olevel secondary schools.
Corporal punishment regulations 1979 pursuant to article 60 of the. Pdf on apr 1, 2018, yusuph maulid kambuga and others published corporal punishment as a strategic reprimand used by teachers to curb students misbehaviours in secondary schools. Corporal punishment is a discipline method in which a supervising adult deliberately inflicts pain upon a child in response to a childs unacceptable behavior andor inappropriate language. Pdf corporal punishment in tanzania primary schools. Corporal punishment and childrens externalizing problems. This article offers an explanation for the ongoing use of corporal punishment.
Corporal punishment has become a very controversial issue to eliminate in schools locally and internationally. Doc corporal punishment in tanzanian primary schools. In most schools, the head principal or the deputy head were permitted to use corporal punishment and required to record the incident in a log book shumba, 2003. Corporal punishment is a discipline method in which a supervising adult deliberately inflicts pain upon a student typically using a paddle in response to a students. This study determined pupils perceptions on corporal punishment cp in enhancing discipline in primary schools in tanzania. Teachers have been leaving the profession because of student indiscipline, and they want cp to be restored, according to this may 20 news report, which gives the impression that a form of caning was the preferred mode before the ban.
Corporal punishment has traditionally been recognized as a way of controlling behavioral problems in the classroom, and until recently, was. Corporal punishment encyclopedia on early childhood. The purpose of this survey was to acquire descriptive information regarding corporal punishment in tanzania s olevel secondary schools. Corporal punishment has become normalized within tanzanian schools, and it is rarely discussed in the public sphere. Spare the rod and spoil the child corporal punishment in. Relations of corporal punishment to academic results and achievements in secondary schools in tanzania. However, it is locals widely agree that there is a major difference between slapping a child on the wrist and beating them bloody. But this legislative intervention did not end the use of corporal punishment in schools.
Pdf relations of corporal punishment to academic results and. We also examined the association between corporal punishment and externalizing problems. When the punishment comes it is quite a harsh one, of 8 sharp strokes on the seat of his shorts with a thin switch several of more of which she is holding in her other hand. Corporal punishment is lawful in schools, for boys and girls, under the national education corporal punishment regulations 1979 pursuant to article 60 of the national education act 1978, which authorises the minister to make regulations to provide for and control the administration of corporal punishment in schools. In the present study we assessed the occurrence of corporal punishment at home and in school in tanzanian primary school students. Previous researches pointed out that adults parents and teachers who were physically punished in their childhood are more supportive of corporal punishment than those who were not subjected to physical punishment hyman, 1988. While corporal punishment such as paddling, spanking and hitting students disappeared from private schools by the 1960s, according to an article published by npr in december 2016, it is still permitted in public schools in 22 states, which can be broken down into 7 states that simply dont prohibit it and 15 states that expressly permit it. Corporal punishment in the context of schools in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has been variously defined as. Corporal punishment has a long history in the development of man, and it has been a preferred mode of correcting behaviour of children in tanzanian communities and.
The purpose of this survey was to acquire descriptive information regarding corporal punishment in tanzanias olevel secondary schools. As tanzanian authorities investigate what officials described as a criminal offence, ibtimes uk looks at some of the african countries where corporal punishment in schools is. Compared to alternative methods of punishment and discipline, corporal punishment can cost less. There is a line between acceptable punishment and outright abuse of a child, and it must not be. Punishment creates fear to students especially during teaching and learning processes myers, 1999. Aetiology and challenges almon shumba, elias mpofu, regis chireshe and john mapfumo abstract. The draft child care and protection act says that any person who has control of a child, including the childs parents, must respect a childs right to physical integrity. Corporal punishment in uae schools was banned by a ministerial decree in 1998.
Second, corporal punishment is multidimensional and its assessment can involve understanding how frequently parents use corporal punishment, how severely it is administered e. Educational foundations abstract the article defines the terms discipline, punishment and corporal punishment. The issue of corporal punishment at schools is by no means free of controversy. In this paper the researchers sought to examine the issues and challenges surrounding the notion of corporal punishment in schools. Corporal punishment in schools reflects a large gap between current education policy that bans corporal punishment and actual implementation of. The immediate aims of such punishment are usually to halt the offense, prevent its recurrence and set an example for others. The research findings demonstrate that corporal punishment in schools is highly correlated to family acceptance by practicing corporal punishment at home and lack. In the case of parental and school corporal punishment, only a ruler, a paddle or a belt are required. Physical punishment influenced by fear distorts a students motivation to learn.
Pdf corporal punishment as a strategic reprimand used by. This is despite the fact that education is supposed to inculcate and instill discipline to learners critical for their success both during school time and after school. Corporal punishment as a strategic reprimand used by teachers to. The punishment is supposed to be reasonable, stipulating against inflicting more than four blows on a student, and only school principals are authorised to do so. Children learn simply to please the teacher and not to acquire skills and knowledge for their own development. Sexual abuse, harassment and corporal punishment are widespread in schools in tanzania, according to a report by human rights watch hrw that.
Respecting physical integrity means preventing bodily injury. Corporal punishment cp in schools is widely used as an accepted disciplining tool in the social and cultural milieu of zanzibar. Corporal punishment continues to be practiced at unacceptable rates in egyptian schools, at the same time that violence rates are rising. Criticism of its effects led, in 1996, to the banning of this form of punishment. Schools with limited finances and resources use corporal punishment as a more costeffective method of discipline. In addition, 14 students and 14 teachers were interviewed. The south african education system historically has used corporal punishment to maintain discipline. For instance straus 2000 points out that corporal punishment in secondary schools may lead to student truancy. A study on the extent of the use of corporal punishments. Perceptions of teachers on the use of corporal punishment in schools.
Sexual abuse and corporal punishment widespread in. It focused on pupils perceptions on cps influence on enhancing school learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of the use of corporal punishment. Basic education rights handbook education rights in. It advances the argument that legislating against corporal punishment erodes the authority of the teacher and undermines their commitment to duty. In zanzibar, the policy against corporal punishment in schools should be confirmed through prohibition in law. Parents and teachers in schools have normalized cp, physical and verbal abuse of children in the community. This video has been shot and edited by the students of luci nel mondo multimedia course in igomamwanza tanzania march 2014. Another study conducted in may 2006, by the national youth victimization study by the centre for justice and crime prevention, found that over. The advantages of corporal punishment legal beagle. Therefore, physical punishment is not associated with only.
874 30 560 1577 963 729 166 750 1130 516 975 681 568 260 146 5 163 897 931 481 1536 1136 1206 969 1517 1147 718 513 879 1451 719 137 857 756 732 1515 125 331 865 86 1203 782 188